16.2. General information
Models 260 and 300 with system of ignition of EZL
The system of ignition of EZL includes spark plugs, high-voltage wires, the ignition distributor, the coil of ignition and the electronic control ECU device together with sensors, executive mechanisms and electrically ми wires. The principle of action of system of ignition identical irrespective of an arrangement of knots and elements of system of ignition depending on car model.
The control unit of ignition gives tension on primary winding of the coil of ignition. At the required moment the control unit disconnects tension from the ignition coil that leads to falling of magnetic field in primary winding and induces high voltage in a secondary winding of the coil of ignition. High-voltage tension at some point from the ignition coil via the distributor of ignition and high-voltage wires moves to a certain spark plug. At receipt of high voltage on a spark plug between electrodes of a spark plug the spark which sets fire to fuel-air mix in the engine cylinder is formed. Definition of the moment of firing of fuel-air mix is carried out by the electronic control device.
Definition of a corner of an advancing of ignition and its constant adjustment is carried out by the electronic control device (ECU) on the basis of information on engine turns, the provision of a bent shaft and depression in an inlet collector received from the sensors installed on the engine. Also when determining a corner of an advancing of ignition information on the provision of a butterfly valve (acts from the switch of extreme provisions of a butterfly valve), to air temperature, coming to the engine and temperature of cooling liquid is considered.
On the basis of information from the camshaft sensor the ECU block defines in what of cylinders at the moment there is a fuel ignition. The sensor installed in a head of the block of cylinders induces a signal when passing of a ledge about it at an end face of an asterisk of the camshaft operating inlet valves. As a result of it the ECU block operates an ignition advancing corner individually for each cylinder that in turn allows to control a detonation in cylinders.
On systems of ignition with control of a detonation the sensor of a detonation is installed on the block of cylinders. The sensor of a detonation defines premature ignition before the detonation is shown in the form of knock of piston fingers. At emergence of a detonation the ECU block reduces an ignition advancing corner in this cylinder. Then gradually increasing an ignition advancing corner in this cylinder the ECU block restores its reference value before emergence of a new detonation.
Depending on the advancing of ignition applied like fuel an initial corner it is possible to change the switching cap placed in a motor compartment near the ECU block.
Models 280 and 320 - 24V with a control system of the HFM engine
The control system of the HFM engine is an autonomous system which at the same time operates ignition and system of injection of fuel.
Work of the HFM system is similar to work of system of ignition of EZL with the following differences.
In system of ignition of HFM there is no ignition distributor. The block of ignition consists of three coils of ignition. Each coil of ignition consists of two separate high-voltage windings which gives a spark at the same time to two cylinders. The impulse of ignition moves on two spark plugs for each cylinder of the engine, one at once – on a compression step one – on an exhaust step. The ignition spark on a step of an exhaust does not influence operation of the engine and therefore it is spent for nothing. The ECU block uses entrances from various sensors to calculate the required installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition and time of accumulation of energy on the ignition coil.
Detection of malfunctions of a control system of the engine requires use of special electronic measuring devices, and this work needs to be performed at service station.