18.2. General information
Coupling is located between the engine and the transmission and intended for separation and connection of a bent shaft of the engine and a main shaft of the transmission. Coupling is an integral part of transmission for ensuring deduction of the car concerning the road by the included transfer, smooth start-off of the car from the place and gear shifting without noise and risk of damage of details.
At the included coupling i.e. when the pedal of coupling is in the top situation, the dish-shaped spring of the leading part of coupling moves press a clutch plate towards the engine. At the same time the clutch plate supplied with frictional slips is clamped between a press disk and a flywheel, and the torque is transferred from the engine to the transmission. When pressing a pedal of coupling the persistent bearing of coupling moves press a disk back. At the same time the clutch plate then the shaft of the engine and a shaft of the transmission can rotate independently from each other is released.
On all models dry one-disk coupling which consists of a clutch plate, a press disk, a dish-shaped spring, a casing and the press bearing is established.
The clutch plate freely moves on vents of a main shaft of the transmission and is clamped between a flywheel and a press disk by effort which is created by a dish-shaped spring. From two parties of a clutch plate of a priklepana frictional slips. The leading part of a clutch plate connects to a nave through details of a quencher of tortional fluctuations which provides elastic communication between them. The necessity of a quencher of tortional fluctuations is caused by the following.
At sharp change of speed of the movement of the car, arrival on roughness of the road, sharp inclusion of coupling, and also owing to uneven operation of the engine in transmission of the car there are dynamic loadings causing twisting (untwisting) of shaft of transmission. Unevenness of torque of the engine can cause considerable overloads in transmission owing to emergence of tortional fluctuations and a resonance at coincidence of frequencies, the transferred loadings to frequencies of own fluctuations of transmission. Elastic fluctuations of transmission lead not only to emergence of noise in mechanisms and units, but also to dangerous vibrations, and sometimes and to breakages of details when amplitude of fluctuations reaches big size. Energy of tortional fluctuations is absorbed by a quencher.
The dish-shaped diaphragm spring is established on pins and fastens basic rings.
The release bearing is installed from the forward party of the transmission on the directing plug. The bearing freely moves on the plug under the influence of the lever which axis is located in a coupling case. Pressing of a pedal of coupling moves the piston in the main cylinder and compresses liquid which on a hose is transferred to the working cylinder. Under pressure the piston of the working cylinder moves and puts the coupling switching off lever in action. The lever of switching off of coupling moves the release bearing which influences a spring of a press disk and takes away press a disk from a clutch plate. Adjustment of coupling happens automatically.