13.7. Turbocharger

Power which the engine can develop depends on amount of air and fuel which comes to engine cylinders. For increase in engine capacity it is necessary to increase both amount of the given air, and fuel. Giving of bigger amount of fuel will not give effect until the amount of air, sufficient for its combustion, appears, differently excess of not burned down fuel is formed that leads to an overheat of the engine which besides, at the same time strongly smokes. For increase in amount of the air given to the engine the turbocharger which compresses the air given to the combustion chamber is used.

The turbocharger consists of the centrifugal air pump and the turbine connected by means of the general rigid axis among themselves. Both of these elements rotate in one direction and with an identical speed. Energy of a stream having fulfilled shy gases which in ordinary engines are not used, here will be transformed to the torque putting a turbocharger in action. The fulfilled gases which are going out of engine cylinders have high temperature and pressure. They disperse to high speed and come into contact with shovels of the turbine which will transform their kinetic energy to mechanical energy of rotation. This transformation of energy is followed by decrease in temperature of exhaust gases and their pressure. The turbocharger sucks in air via the air filter, squeezes it and gives to engine cylinders. The amount of fuel which can be mixed with air at the same time can be increased that allows the engine to develop big power.

The turbocharger is established under a final collector. For turbocharger lubricant engine oil moves under pressure on a special truboprowo of du from a head of the block of cylinders. The turbocharger incorporates the valve of dumping and a vacuum diaphragm which serves for restriction of pressure given by a turbocompressor to an inlet collector.

As the turbocompressor works at high speeds, it is necessary to observe care and purity that pollution did not get to a turbocompressor and did not put it out of action.

Prevention

Before a detachment of any elements carefully clear them of a turbocharger. For protection against pollution the elements removed from a turbocharger arrange in a tight container. For an exception of hit of pollution in a turbocharger close air channels of a turbocharger.

Removal

Turbocharger
A – from the air filter;
B – to an inlet collector;
C – from a final collector;
D – to a reception exhaust pipe;
E – turbocharger;
F – oil supply tube;
G – oxidizer;
H – branch pipe of supply of exhaust gases;
I – emphasis;
J – EGR valve;
K – arm

PERFORMANCE ORDER
1. Remove a weight wire from the accumulator.
2. Release clamps and remove a mudguard from the lower part of a motor compartment.
3. Remove the air filter. On models with an oxidizer unscrew screws and remove the thermofilter installed between the air filter and an oxidizer.
4. Weaken collars and remove airpro-waters, the connecting turbogenerator with the air filter (see the drawing).
5. Mark and disconnect vacuum hoses from the case of a diaphragm and the EGR valve.
6. In the presence, weaken collars and remove a corrugated hose from the EGR valve basis.
7. Unscrew nuts and remove an oxidizer together with an arm from a final collector.
Prevention

On cars without oxidizer the branch pipe of supply of exhaust gases to a turbocharger is established.
8. Weaken collars and remove the air ducts connecting a turbocharger to an inlet collector.
9. Weaken collars and pick up the mixing phone located at the EGR valve basis from a turbocharger.
10. Unscrew connecting nuts and disconnect from a turbocompressor of a pipe of giving and return of oil. Remove sealing laying. Take the giving oil pipe from a fastening bracket on an inlet collector.
11. Unscrew nuts and separate a reception exhaust pipe from a turbocharger. Remove laying.
12. Unscrew bolts and remove a turbocharger from an arm.

Installation

PERFORMANCE ORDER
1. Installation is made in the sequence, the return to removal taking into account the next moments.
2. Before tightening of bolts of fastening of a turbocharger to an arm acquire nuts of fastening of a reception exhaust pipe to a turbocharger.
3. Apply a thin film of high-temperature lubricant on a carving and heads of new bolts of fastening of a connecting pipe of an oxidizer, then screw in bolts and tighten them the required moment.
4. Using pure engine oil, wash out a pipe of supply of oil to the turbonayena to a tatel and an entrance opening for oil in a turbocharger. Establish a maslopriyemny pipe and tighten connecting nuts the required moment.
5. According to earlier made marking connect vacuum hoses.
6. Start the engine in the mode of idling and let's it work on these turns at least 1 minute in order that oil arrived to turbocharger bearings.